一、英语上常见的就近原则和就远原则有哪些?
邻近原则(Proximity) 以either…or,or,neither…nor和notonly…butalso,whether…or;not…but;notonly…butalso等连接的两个主语,其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语最近的主语保持一致.如:Eitheryouorhehastogothere with me. 由there或here引起的主语,而又不止是一个时,采取就近原则.如:Hereisapen,afewenvelopes and somepaperforyou. 在倒装句中:谓语可与后面第一个主语一致.e.g.①Inthedistancewasheardtheclappingofhands and theshoutsofthepeople.在远处,能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声.就远原则1.aswellas;2.(together/along)with;3.except;besides;4.but;
二、be动词的就近原则和就远原则?
就近原则。 这是英文中的规矩,主要因为用起来比较方便,直接看离be比较近的名词的单复数,然后决定be动词的情况,更快捷。 There be 句型是英语中常用句型, 意思是“有”,表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。There在此结构中是引导词,已经没有副词“那里”的含义。 There be 句型的构成形式一般为“There is/are + 某物/人 +某地/时”,表示某地/时有某物/人。
三、在英语句子中什么时候用“就近一致”原则?
【就近原则】 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity),即:谓语与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在“人称、数”上一致. I.在正式文体中: 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语:"there be+句型; or ; either …or;nor; neither…nor;whether…or;not…but; not only…but also" ; 等.e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关. ②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错. ③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你,而是你父亲该受责备. ④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了,他也错了. 2. 在倒装句中:谓语可与后面第一个主语一致.e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处,能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声. ②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书. II. 非正式文体中: 有时依“就近一致原则”,但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一致原则”.e.g. Neither she nor I were there (意义一致) 我和他当时都不在那儿.(非正式) Neither she nor I was there .(就近一致)(译文同上句)(正式) 但是,如果依“就近一致原则”而与其他两项原则相矛盾时,则常常认为是不太合符规范的.e.g. No one except his own supporters agree with him .仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见.(依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则;但语法上,“No one ”才是主语,谓语要改成“agrees”.“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则. 【就远原则】 谓语动词与前面主语一致 代表词汇:as well as;(together/along)with;rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from E.G:He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.
四、就近原则的英语意思是什么?
就近原则的英语意思是"the principle of proximity"。它通常指的是在选择或决定时,优先考虑与自己最接近的事物或地点,以便更加方便和经济地完成任务。就近原则在很多领域都有应用,比如在选址、招聘、交通规划等方面。在日常生活中,我们也可以运用就近原则来提高效率和节约时间。例如,我们可以选择就近的超市购买日用品,或选择就近的公共交通工具来减少时间和费用。
五、哪些词用就近原则?
在使用以下几个词组时要考虑就近原则,即动词的单复数形式必须和最靠近的一个主语保持一致
1、neither…nor…既不…也不…
例如:
●Neither you nor I am right.
= Neither I nor you are right.
=Neither of us is right.
你和我都不对。
2、either…or…要么…要么…;或者…或者…
例如:
● Either Rose or we are going to London next month.
= Either we or Rose is going to London next month.
下个月要么Rose去伦敦,要么我们去伦敦。
● Either Mary or I am coming.
= Either I or Mary is coming.
不是玛丽来,就是我来.
3、not only…but also…不仅…而且…
例如:
●Not only John but also his parents like climbing mountains.
=Not only his parents but also John likes climbing mountains.
不仅John喜欢爬山,他的父母也喜欢。
4、there be 句型,表示某地“有”某人某物。
例如:
●There is a boy student and three girl students in the classroom.
=There are three girl students and a boy student in the classroom.
教室里有一个男生和三个女生。
5、 not only…but also等连接的并列成分作主语时,其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致。
例如:
Not only the students but also the teacher loves the story.
不仅学生而且老师都喜欢这个故事。
六、英语中的就近原则和就远原则都有哪些?要翻译?
就近原则:是指谓语与其相近的名词、代词在“人称、数量”上要保持一致。
1、并列主语由以下词组连接,要采用就近原则:
① there be 句型
eg: There is a book and some pencils on the table.
译:桌子上有一本书和几支铅笔。
② either... or...
eg: Either they or Sam is going to Beijing next Monday.
译:下周一要去北京的不是他们,就是山姆。
③ neither... nor...
eg: Neither you nor he is right.
译:你和他都不对。
④ not… but…
eg: Not you but I am to blame.
译:不是你,而是我应受到责备。
⑤ not only…but also
eg: Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.
= Not only Ann's parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
译:安和她的父母每周日都待在家里。
⑥ or
eg: What he does or what he says does not concern me.
译:他做了什么或是他说了什么,都没有让我担忧。
2、在倒装句中,可采用就近原则:
eg: In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.
译:在远处,你能听见人们的鼓掌声和欢呼声。
就远原则:指谓语动词要与比较远的那个主语保持一致。
1、as well as
eg: The son, as well as his parents, wants to go there.
译:这个孩子和他的父母一样想去那里。
2、(together / along) with
eg: A woman with two children has come.
译:一位女士带着她的两个哈子来了。
3、rather than
eg: He rather than I is right.
译:他是对的,我是错的。
4、except
eg: No one except (but) me knows about this news.
译:除了我,没有人知道这个消息。
5、but
eg: Nobody but two students is in the room.
译:除了两名学生,这间屋子没有其他人了。
6、no less than
eg: My father, no less than I, is a baseball fan.
译:爸爸和我一样都是棒球迷。
七、英语中,就近原则的短语有哪些?
在英语中,就近原则(Proximity Principle)指的是使用离得最近的词或短语来表达某个概念或关系。以下是一些常见的就近原则相关的短语:
1. Birds of a feather: 意为“物以类聚”,表示相似或具有相同特征的人或事物会聚在一起。
2. Time flies: 意为“时光飞逝”,表示时间过得很快。
3. Fight fire with fire: 意为“以毒攻毒”,表示用同样的方法或手段来对付问题或挑战。
4. Eat like a horse: 意为“吃得像马一样”,形容一个人吃得很多。
5. Fit as a fiddle: 意为“健壮如小提琴”,形容一个人非常健康和身体强壮。
6. Cold as ice: 意为“冷如冰”,形容一个人冷漠或无情。
7. Blind as a bat: 意为“盲如蝙蝠”,形容一个人非常近视或缺乏观察力。
这些短语都是根据就近原则构建起来的,选用了与概念或关系最相关的词语来进行表达。


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